HVAC Calculation Logo
HVAC CalculationPowered by Solver360

Water Hammer Calculator

Back

Input Parameters

Unit System

Results

Water Hammer Analysis

269
Surge Pressure in WG
4,000
Wave Speed ft/s

Pressure Breakdown

Surge Pressure269 in WG(100%)
Wave Speed4,000 ft/s(100%)

Surge Analysis

Calculation Steps

1

Calculate Wave Speed

Formula:
a=K/ρ1+KD/(Et)a = \sqrt{\frac{K/\rho}{1 + K D / (E t)}}
Calculation:
Simplifiedapproximationforsteelpipewithwater:a≈4000ft/sSimplified approximation for steel pipe with water: a ≈ 4000 ft/s
Result:
4000 ft/s4000 \text{ ft/s}
2

Calculate Critical Time

Formula:
tc=2Lat_c = \frac{2L}{a}
Calculation:
tc=2×1004000t_c = \frac{2 \times 100}{4000}
Result:
0.050 s0.050 \text{ s}
3

Determine Closure Type

Formula:
tclose≥tc→Gradual Closuret_{close} \geq t_c \rightarrow \text{Gradual Closure}
Calculation:
1≥0.0501 \geq 0.050
Result:
GradualClosure Gradual Closure \text{ }
4

Calculate Surge Pressure

Formula:
ΔP=a×V×ρg×144\Delta P = \frac{a \times V \times \rho}{g \times 144}
Calculation:
ΔP=4000×5.00×62.432.2×144\Delta P = \frac{4000 \times 5.00 \times 62.4}{32.2 \times 144}
Result:
269.2 in WG269.2 \text{ in WG}
5

Gradual Closure Reduction

Formula:
ΔPactual=ΔPinstantaneous×tctclose\Delta P_{actual} = \Delta P_{instantaneous} \times \frac{t_c}{t_{close}}
Calculation:
ΔPactual=269.2×0.0501\Delta P_{actual} = 269.2 \times \frac{0.050}{1}
Result:
13.5 in WG13.5 \text{ in WG}